any sufferings as a participation in the first phase of Christ’s own trajectory. To participate in the Son’s suffering and death is to be guaranteed participation in his resurrection and glorification. And this sense of participation can be further assured by the proof that Christ’s intervention provides of God the Father’s limitless benevolence: “He who did not withhold his own Son, but gave him up for all of us, will he not with him also give us everything else?” (8:32). These interlocking warrants